Overcoming Poverty: The Impact of Entrepreneurship Training

Authors

  • Maureen Snow Andrade Utah Valley University
  • Ronald Mellado Miller Utah Valley University
  • Eugene Seeley Utah Valley University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33423/jabe.v26i6.7383

Keywords:

business, economics, entrepreneurship, developing nations, Mexico, entrepreneurial motivation, education, training

Abstract

Educational attainment may deter entrepreneurial activity. Educated individuals have greater job choice while lacking education can drive entrepreneurship out of necessity. Entrepreneurial training helps individuals learn the skills to launch businesses and become self-reliant. This study examined the efficacy of an entrepreneurial preparation program in Mexico by analyzing survey responses related to education and motivation. Findings indicate that factors other than training had more impact on business ownership. Motivational factors were positively correlated with the likelihood of being an entrepreneur. Mother’s education level was positively correlated with the likelihood of working for someone else.

References

Abrego, N., & Ovaskainen, O. (2023). Evaluating the predictive performance of presence–absence models: Why can the same model appear excellent or poor? Ecology and Evolution, 13(12), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10784

Adjimah, P.H., & Perry, A.L. (2014). Effectiveness of entrepreneurship development programs in Ghanaian polytechnics. International Review of Management and Marketing, 4(1), 78–89. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/366671

Aldrich, H.E., & Cliff, J.E. (2003). The pervasive effects of family on entrepreneurship: Toward a family embeddedness perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(5), 573¬–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(03)00011-9

Aldrich, H.E., & Kim, P.H. (2007). A life course perspective on occupational inheritance: Self-employed parents and their children. In M. Ruef, & M. Lounsbury (Eds.), The sociology of entrepreneurship (pp. 33–82). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0733-558X(06)25002-X

Almodóvar, M. (2018). Type of entrepreneurship and development phase as key factors for the result of entrepreneurial activity. Cuadernos de Relaciones Laborales, 36(2), 225–244. https://doi.org/10.5209/CRLA.60695

Almodóvar-González, M., Fernández-Portillo, A., & Díaz-Casero, J.C. (2020). Entrepreneurial activity and economic growth. A multi-country analysis. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 26(1), 9–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2019.12.004

Amara, N. (2015). Disentangling competences: Interrelationships on creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 16, 27–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2014.11.006

Amorós, J.E., Ciravegna, L., Mandakovic, V., & Stenholm, P. (2019). Necessity or opportunity? The effects of state fragility and economic development on entrepreneurial efforts. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 43(4), 725–750. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258717736857

Arenius, P., & Minniti, M. (2005). Perceptual variables and nascent entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 24, 233–247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-005-1984-x

Aslam, T., Awan, A., & Khan, T. (2012). Entrepreneurial intentions among university students of Punjab a province of Pakistan. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2(14), 114–120. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2022.10041915

Atmono, D., Rahmattullah, M., Setiawan, A., Mustofa, R., Pramudita, D., Ulfatun, T., . . . Mustofa, A. (2023). The effect of entrepreneurial education on university student’s entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 12(1), 495–504. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v12i1.23262

Atsan, N., & Atsan, N. (2006). Entrepreneurial characteristics amongst university students: Some insights for entrepreneurship education and training in Turkey. Education and Training, 48(1), 25–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400910610645716

Bae, T.J., Qian, S.S., Miao, C., & Fiet, J.O. (2014). The Relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions: A meta-analytic review. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(2), 217–254. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12095

Baptista, R., Karaöz, M., & Mendonça, J. (2014). The impact of human capital on the early success of necessity versus opportunity-based entrepreneurs. Small Business Economics, 42(4), 831–847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-013-9502-z

Barba-Sanchez, V., & Atienza-Sahuquillo, C. (2018). Entrepreneurial intention among engineering students: The role of entrepreneurship education. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 24(1), 53–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2017.04.001

Bischoff, K.M., Geilnik, M.M., & Frese, M. (2014). Entrepreneurship training in developing countries. In W. Reichman (Ed.), Industrial and organizational psychology help the vulnerable: Serving the underserved (pp. 92–119). Palgrave Macmillan https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137327734_6

Block, J.H., Kohn, K., Miller, D., & Ullrich, K. (2015). Necessity entrepreneurship and competitive strategy. Small Business Economics, 44(1), 37–54.

Bosma, N., Hessels, J., Schutjens, V., van Praag, M., & Verheul, I. (2012). Entrepreneurship and role models. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33, 410–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2011.03.004

Brío, J., Mitre, M., & Barba-Sánchez, V. (2022). Environmental awareness and the entrepreneurial intention in university students: Direct and mediating effects. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(3), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ijme.2022.100719

Carbonell, J.R., Hernandez, J.C.P., & Garcia, F.J.L. (2011). Business creation by immigrant entrepreneurs in the Valencian community. The influence of education. International Entrepreneur Management Journal, 10, 409–426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-011-0211-2

Carsrud, A., & Brännback, M. (2011). Entrepreneurial motivations: What do we still need to know. Journal of Small Business Management, 49(1), 9–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2010.00312.x

Cassol, A., Tonial, G., Machado, H., Dalbosco, I., & Trindade, S. (2022). Determinants of entrepreneurial intentions and the moderation of entrepreneurial education: A study of the Brazilian context. The International Journal of Management Education, 20(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ijme.2022.100716

Casson, M., & Della Giusta, M. (2007). Entrepreneurship and social capital: Analysing the impact of social networks on entrepreneurial activity from a rational action perspective. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 19(3), 220–244. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242607076524

Chahar, B. (2023). Effect of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intention: Mediating role of entrepreneurs personality traits. In L. Garg, D. Sisodia, N. Kesswani, J. Vella, I. Brigui, P. Xuereb, S. Misra, & D. Singh (Eds.), Information Systems and management science (pp. 342–364). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13150-9_29

Chen, S.C., Hsiao, H.C., Chang, J.C., Chou, C.M., Chen, C.P., & Shen, C.H. (2015). Can the entrepreneurship course improve the entrepreneurial intentions of students? International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 11(3), 557–569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-013-0293-0

Cheung, O.L. (2014). Are we seeing 'necessity' or 'opportunity' entrepreneurs at large? Research in Business and Economics Journal, 9(1). Retrieved from https://www.aabri.com/manuscripts/131763.pdf

Colombo, M.G., Delmastro, M., & Grilli, L. (2004). Entrepreneurs' human capital and the start-up size of new technology-based firms. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 22(8), 1183–1211. Retrieved from https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:indorg:v:22:y:2004:i:8-9:p:1183-1211

Commission of the European Communities. (2006). Fostering entrepreneurial mindsets through education and learning. Retrieved from https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM%3A2006%3A0033%3AFIN%3AEN%3APDF

Dabić, M., & Pietrzykowski, M. (Eds.). (2011). Can entrepreneurship be brought from the 20th to the 21st century? A focus on entrepreneurship education through the FpSentHE 5e5 approach. Poznań, Poland: Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe. Retrieved from http://www.efzg.unizg.hr/UserDocsImages/KID/Fostering_Education_in_Entrepreneurship_e-book.pdf

Davidsson, P. (2003). The domain of entrepreneurship research: Some suggestions. In Katz, J.A. & Shepherd, D.A. (Eds.), Cognitive approaches to entrepreneurship research (Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth) (Vol. 6, pp. 315–372). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1074-7540(03)06010-0

Deli, F. (2011), Opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship: Local unemployment and the small firm effect. Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 12(4), 38–57. Retrieved from http://m.www.na-businesspress.com/JMPP/DeliWeb.pdf

Deng, W., & Wang, J. (2023). The effect of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial intention of different college students: Gender, household registration, school type, and poverty status. PLoS ONE, 18(7), e0288825. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0288825

Dickson, P.H., Solomon, G.T., & Weaver, K.M. (2008). Entrepreneurial selection and success: Does education matter? Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15(2), 239–+. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000810871655

Dilli, S., & Weterhuis, G., (2018). How institutions and gender differences in education shape entrepreneurial activity: A cross-national perspective. Small Business Economics, 51, 371–392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0004-x

Dimov, D. (2010). Nascent entrepreneurs and venture emergence: Opportunity confidence, human capital, and early planning. Journal of Management Studies, 47(6), 1123–1153. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00874.x

Dobson, J., & Muhammad, N. (2022). Evaluating the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education on students’ entrepreneurial intention: Case study from Malaysia. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 22(9), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v22i9.5369

Dufur, M.J., Parcel, T.L., & Troutman, K.P. (2013). Does capital at home matter more than capital at school? Social capital effects on academic achievement. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 31, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2012.08.002

Duong, C. (2021). Exploring the link between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions: The moderating role of educational fields. Education + Training, 64(7), 869–891. https://doi.org/10.1108/ ET-05-2021-0173

Dutta, D.K., Li, J., & Merenda, M. (2011). Fostering entrepreneurship: Impact of specialization and diversity in education. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 7(2), 163–179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-010-0151-2

Edokpolor, J.E. (2020). Entrepreneurship education and sustainable development: Mediating role of entrepreneurial skills. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(3), 329–339. https://doi.org/10.1103/apjie-03-2020-0036

Edwards-Schachter, M., Garcia-Granero, A., Sanchez-Barrioluengo, M., Quesada-Pineda, H., & Amara, N. (2015). Disentangling competences: Interrelationships on creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 16, 27–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2014.11.006

Eikhof, R.D., Summers, J., & Carter, S. (2013). Women doing their own thing: Media representations of female entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 19(5), 547–564. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-09-2011-0107

Eller, F.J., Gielnik, M.M., Yeves, J., Alvardo, Y.C., & Guerrero, O.A. (2023). Adjusting the sails: Investigating the feedback loop of the opportunity development process in entrepreneurship training. Academy of Management Training & Education, 21(2), 209–235. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2020.0041

Engelen, A. (2010). Entrepreneurial orientation as a function of national cultural variations in two countries. Journal of International Management Entrepreneurial, 16(4), 354–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2010.09.006

Erlangga, H. (2022). The meaning, benefit and importance of development entrepreneurship in higher education. Asian Journal of Contemporary Education, 3(2), 105–110. https://10.18488/journal.137.2019.32.105.110

Ertuna, Z.I., & Gurel, E. (2011). The moderating role of higher education on entrepreneurship. Education and Training, 53(5), 387–402. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911111147703

Evoma. (2017). 7 roles of entrepreneurship in economic development of a country. Evoma. Retrieved from https://evoma.com/business-centre/7-roles-of-entrepreneurship-in-economic-development-of-a-country/

Farashah, A.D. (2013). The process of impact of entrepreneurship education and training on entrepreneurship perception and intention: Study of educational system of Iran. Education and Training, 55(8–9), 868–885. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-04-2013-0053

Foley, A., & Griffith, B. (1998). Education, training and the promotion of high quality entrepreneurs in the Republic of Ireland. In M.G. Scott, P. Rosa, P., & H. Klandt (Eds.), Educating entrepreneurs for wealth creation (pp. 80–94). Ashgate.

Fossen, F.M., & Büttner, T.J. (2013). The returns to education for opportunity entrepreneurs, necessity entrepreneurs, and paid employees. Economics of Education Review, 37(C), 66–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econedurev.2013.08.005

Frese, M., Gielnick, M.M., & Mensmann, M. (2016). Psychological training for entrepreneurs to take action: Contributing to poverty reduction in developing countries. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(34), 196–202. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721416636957

Ghatak, A., & Bhowmick, B. (2022). Should I start my own venture? Moderating effect of pull factors on the relationship of push factors with women entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 12(3), 299–327. https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2021- 0062

Grichnik, D., Brinckmann, J., Singh, L., & Manigart, S. (2014). Beyond environmental scarcity: Human and social capital as driving forces of bootstrapping activities. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(2), 310–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.02.006

Grosh M., & Glewwe, P.W. (1995). A guide to living standards measurement study surveys and their data sets. Living standards measurement study working paper, no. 120. World Bank Group. Retrieved from http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/270551468764720584/A-guide-to-living-standards-measurement-study-surveys-and-their-data-sets

Guerrero, M., Urbano, D., & Herrera, F. (2017). The nexus of ecosystems, strategic orientations, and higher education with technology-based nascent entrepreneurship. In J.A. Cunningham, & C. O’Kane (Eds.), Technology-based nascent entrepreneurship: Implications for economic policy-making (pp. 53–69). Palgrave McMillan. https://doi.org/10. I 057/978-1-137-59594-2_3

Hessels, J., Van Gelderen, M., & Thurik, R. (2008). Entrepreneurial aspirations, motivations, and their drivers. Small Business Economics, 31(3), 323–339. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-008-9134-x

Hisrich, R.D., & Brush, C.G. (1985). Women and minority entrepreneurs: A comparative analysis. In J. Hornaday, E. Shils, J. Timmons, & K. Vesper (Eds.), Frontiers of entrepreneurship Research (pp.566–587). Babson College.

Honig, B. (2004). Entrepreneurship education: Toward a model of contingency-based business planning. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 3(3), 258–273. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2004.14242112

Hopp, C., Minarikova, D., & Speil, A. (2019). A chip off the old block? How parent-child interactions affect the intergenerational transmission of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 11, e00130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2019.e00130

Humbert, A., & Drew, E. (2010). Gender, entrepreneurship, and motivational factors in an Irish context. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 2(2), 173–196. https://doi.org/10.1108/17566261011051026

Hunady, J., Orviska, M., & Pisar, P. (2018). The effect of higher education on entrepreneurial activities and starting up successful businesses. Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 29(2), 226–235. https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.29.2.19069

Jabid, A.W., Syahdan, J.F., & Buamonabot, I. (2023). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurship intention: Perceived desirability and perceived feasibility mediation. Management and Secretariat Magazine, 14(8), 14397–14424. Retrieved from https://ojs.revistagesec.org.br/secretariado/article/view/2402

Jamovi Project. (2022). Jamovi (Version 2.3) [Computer software]. Retrieved from https://www.jamovi.org

Johansen, V., & Foss, L. (2013). The effects of entrepreneurship education—does gender matter? International Journal Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 20(3), 255–271. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2013.056889

Karimi, S., Biemans, H.J.A., Lans, T., Chizari, M., & Mulder, M. (2016). The impact of entrepreneurship education: A Study of Iranian students’ entrepreneurial intentions and opportunity identification. Journal of Small Business Management, 54(1), 187–209. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12137

Kim, S. (2015). PPCOR: Partial and semi-partial (part) correlation [R package]. Retrieved from https://cran.r-project.org/package=ppcor

Koellinger, P., Minniti, M., & Schade, C. (2005, July). I think I can, I think I can: A cross-country study of entrepreneurial motivation. DIW Discussion Paper No. 501. Retrieved from https://www.diw.de/documents/publikationen/73/diw_01.c.43372.de/dp501.pdf

Kuckertz, A., Berger, E.S.C., & Prochotta, A. (2020). Misperception of entrepreneurship and its consequences for the perception of entrepreneurial failure – the German case. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 26(8), 1865–1885. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2020-0060

Kwon, S.W., & Arenius, P. (2010). Nations of entrepreneurs: A social capital perspective. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(3), 315–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.10.008

Leffler, E., & Svedberg, G. (2005). Enterprise learning: A challenge to education? European Educational Research Journal, 4(3), 219–227. https://doi.org/10.2304/eerj.2005.4.3.6

Lenth, R. (2020). EMMEANS: Estimated marginal means, aka least-squares means [R package]. Retrieved from https://cran.r-project.org/package=emmeans

Levie, J., & Autio, E. (2008). A theoretical grounding and test of the GEM model. Small Business Economics, 31(3), 235–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-008-9136-8

Liñán, F., & Fernández-Serrano, J. (2014). National culture, entrepreneurship and economic development: Different patterns across the European Union. Small Business Economics, 42(4), 685–702. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-013-9520-x

Light, I., & Dana, L.P. (2013). Boundaries of social capital in entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 37(3), 603–624. https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12016

Lofstrom, M., Bates, T., & Parker, S.C. (2014). Why are some people more likely to become small-businesses owners than others? Entrepreneurship entry and industry-specific barriers. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(2), 232–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.01.004

Maleki, A., Moghaddam, K., Cloninger, P., & Cullen, J. (2023). A cross-national study of youth entrepreneurship: The effect of family support. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 24(1), 44–57. https://doi.org/10.1177/14657503211054284

Malipula, M.M. (2023). SMEs sustainability through entrepreneurship training in Tanzania. Journal of Enterprise & Development, 5(3), 384–397. https://doi.org/10.20414/jed.v5i3.7168

Martin, B.C., McNally, J.J., & Kay, M.J. (2013). Examining the formation of human capital in entrepreneurship: A meta-analysis of entrepreneurship education outcomes. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(2), 211–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusv ent.2012.03.002

Martínez-Cañas, R., Ruiz-Palomino, P., Jiménez-Moreno, J.J., & Linuesa-Langreo, J. (2023). Push versus pull motivations in entrepreneurial intention: The mediating effect of perceived risk and opportunity recognition. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 29(2), 100214. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2023.100214

Matlay, H. (2008). The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial outcomes. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15(2), 382–396. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626000810871745

Melyoki, L.L., & Gielnik, M.M. (2023). How action-oriented entrepreneurship training transforms university students into entrepreneurs: Insights from a qualitative study, Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 35(5), 787–814. https://doi.org10.1080/08276331.2020.1832831

Metzger, G. (2019, February 7). Start-up location Germany: Fear of failure could be countered with better economic education. KfW Research Focus on Economics. Retrieved from https://www.kfw.de/PDF/Download-Center/Konzernthemen/Research/PDF-Dokumente-Fokus-Volkswirtschaft/Fokus-englische-Dateien/Fokus-2019-EN/Fokus-No.-242-February-2019-Start-up-location.pdf

Metzger. (2017). KfW Start-up Monitor 2017. Retrieved from https://www.kfw.de/PDF/Download-Center/Konzernthemen/Research/PDF-Dokumente-Gr%C3%BCndungsmonitor/Gr%C3%BC ndungsmonitor-englische-Dateien/KfW-Start-up-Monitor-2017.pdf

Millán, J.M., Congregado, E., Román, C., van Praag, M., & van Stel, A. (2014). The value of an educated population for an individual’s entrepreneurship success. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(5), 612–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.09.003

Miller, R., Bautista, M., Benson, J., Brant, J., Fordham, N., Hubner, C., . . . Snarr, T. (2008). Assessment report for the Academy for Creating Enterprise. [unpublished]. Brigham Young University—Hawaii.

Minniti, M., & Nardone, C. (2007). Being in someone else’s shoes: The role of gender in nascent entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 28(2–3), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-006-9017-y

Montes, J., Avila, L., Hernández, D., Apodaca, L., Zamora-Bosa, S., & Cordova-Buiza, F. (2023). Impact of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial intention of university students in Latin America. Cogent Business & Management, 10, 2282793. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2282793

Morelix, A., Fairlie, R., Reedy, E., & Russell, J. (2016, December 12). 2016 Kauffman Index Startup Activity Trends. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2883389

Muigai, S.W., Mungai, E., & Ramakrishna, V. (2023). Intergenerational transmission of entrepreneurship: An East African perspective of SME owner’s choice of joining the family business or independent own founding. Cogent Business and Management, 10, 2195023. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2195023

Mustafa, M., Hernandez, E., Mahon, C., & Chee, L. (2016). Entrepreneurial intentions of university students in an emerging economy: The influence of university support and proactive personality on students’ entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 8(2), 162–179. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-10-2015- 0058

Nabi, G., Linan, F., Fayolle, A., Krueger, N.F., &Walmsley, A. (2017). The impact of entrepreneurship education in higher education: A systematic review and research agenda. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 16(2), 277–299. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2015.0026

Nabi, G., Walmsley, A., Linan, F., Akhtar, I., & Neame, C. (2016). Does entrepreneurship education in the first year of higher education develop entrepreneurial intentions? The role of learning and inspiration. Studies in Higher Education, 43(3), 452–467. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2016.1177716

Nasiri, N., & Hamelin, N. (2018). Entrepreneurship driven by opportunity and necessity: Effects of educations, gender and occupation in MENA. Asian Journal of Business Research, 8(2), 57–71. https://doi.org/10.14707/ajbr.180049

Ndou, A. (2023). Parental financial socialization and socioeconomic status. Financial Studies, 1, 39–58. Retrieved from http://fs.icfm.ro/Paper03.FS1.2023.pdf

Nexford University. (2024, January 19). Role of entrepreneurship in economic development 2024. Retrieved from https://www.nexford.edu/insights/role-of-entrepreneurship-in-economic-growth

Nguyen, Q., & Nguyen, H. (2023). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention: The mediating role of entrepreneurial capacity. The International Journal of Management Education, 21(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100730

Orlova, L.V., Sakhabieva, G.A., Vasyaycheva, V.A., & Pronina, N.N. (2016). Impact of educational attainment on the development of female entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(11), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i11/89426

Otache, I., Oluwade, D.O., & Idoko, E.O.J. (2020). Entrepreneurship education and undergraduate students’ self-employment intentions: Do paid employment intentions matter? Education and Training, 62(7–8), 741–757. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-02-2020-0032

Öztürk, L., Bayrakdar, S., Karakaya, E., (2023). The effectiveness of entrepreneurship training: Kusem example. Gazi Journal of Economics and Business, 2(3), 49–64.

Peters, R.M., & Brijlal, P. (2011). A study of the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Industry & Higher Education, 25(4), 265–275. https://doi.org/10.5367/ihe.2011.0048

Popescu, C.C., Bostan, I., Robu, I.B., Maxim, A., & Diaconu, L. (2016). An analysis of the determinants of entrepreneurial intentions among students: A Romanian case study. Sustainability, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/su8080771

Popescu, C.C., Maxim, A., & Diaconu, L. (2014). Determinants of entrepreneurial intentions among Romanian students. Transformations in Business & Economics, 13(3C), 370–388. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8080771

Pruett, M., Shinnar, R., Toney, B., Llopis, F., & Fox, J. (2009). Explaining entrepreneurial intentions of university students: A cross-cultural study. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 15(6), 571–594. https://doi.org/10.1108/13552550910995443

R Core Team. (2021). R: A language and environment for statistical computing (Version 4.1) [Computer software]. Retrieved from https://cran.r-project.org (R packages retrieved from MRAN snapshot 2022-01-01)

Ragazou, K., Passas, I., Garefalakis, A., Kourgiantakis, M., & Xanthos, G. (2022). Youth’s entrepreneurial intention: A Multinomial Logistic Regression analysis of the factors influencing Greek HEI students in time of crisis. Sustainability, 14(20), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142013164

Renzulli, L.A., Aldrich, H., & Moody, J. (2000). Family matters: Gender, networks, and entrepreneurial outcomes. Social Forces, 79(2), 523–546. https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/79.2.523

Reyes-Cruz, J., Sánchez-Trujillo, M., & Mejía-Ramírez, R. (2019). Influencia de la formación universitaria en las actitudes emprendedoras. Revista CEA, 5(10), 117–133. https://doi.org/10.22430/24223182.1240

Reynolds, P., Bosma, N., Autio, E., Hunt, S., De Bono, N., Servais, I., . . . Chin, N. (2005). Global entrepreneurship monitor: Data collection design and implementation 1998-2003. Small Business Economics, 24(3), 205–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-005-1980-1

Ribes-Giner, G., Moya-Clemente, I., Cervello-Royo, R., & Perello-Marin, M.R. (2019). Wellbeing indicators affecting female entrepreneurship in OECD countries. Quality & Quantity, 53, 915–933. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-018-0796-4

Salamzadeh, Y., Sangosanya, T.A., Salamzadeh, A., & Braga, V. (2022). Entrepreneurial universities and social capital: The moderating role of entrepreneurial intention in the Malaysian context. International Journal of Management Education, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100609

Sautet, F. (2013). Local and systemic entrepreneurship: Solving the puzzle of entrepreneurship and economic development. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37(2), 387–402. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2011.00469.x

Schoon, I., & Duckworth, K. (2012). Who becomes an entrepreneur? Early life experiences as predictors of entrepreneurship. Developmental Psychology, 48(6), 1719–1726. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029168

Shane, S. (2009). Why encouraging more people to become entrepreneurs is bad public policy. Small Business Economics, 33, 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-009-9215-5

Shaputri, R.A.M., Mawardi, M.K., Yumarni, T., & Sujarwoto. (2023). Entrepreneurship education, family entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intention among students in Indonesia. Journal of International Education in Business, 16(3), 295–311. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIEB-02-2022-0010

Shinnar, R., Olivier, G., & Janssen, F. (2012). Entrepreneurial perceptions and intentions: The role of gender and culture. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 36(3), 465–493. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00509.x

Singer, S., Herrington, M., & Menipaz, E. (2018). Global entrepreneurship monitor: Global report 2017/2018. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Retrieved from https://www.gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2017-2018-global-report

Smith, K., & Beasley, M. (2011). Graduate entrepreneurs: Intentions, barriers and solutions. Education + Training, 53(8/9), 722–740. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400911111185044

Soares, A.M.J., Bezerra de Melo, F.L.N., & Sampaio, L.M.B. (2023). Influence of parental support on entrepreneurial intention of university students: Empirical evidence from Brazil. Cadernons EBAPE.BR, 21(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120220121x

Thompson, D. (2016, July 6). The myth of the millennial entrepreneur. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2016/07/the-myth-of-the-millennial-entrepreneur/490058/

Tjur, T. (2009). Coefficients of determination in logistic regression models—A new proposal: The coefficient of discrimination. The American Statistician, 63(4), 366–372. https://doi.org/10.1198/tast.2009.08210

Vadnjal, M., Vadnjal, J., & Vadnjal, B. (2023). Social capital and women entrepreneurs: The characteristics of social capital among women entrepreneurs across different life stages. Rijeka, 41(2), 477–498. https://doi.org/10.18045/zbefri.2023.2.477

Van Der Sluis, J., Van Praag, M., & Vijverberg, W. (2008). Education and entrepreneurship selection and performance: A review of the empirical literature. Journal of Economic Surveys, 22(5), 795–841. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6419.2008.00550.x

Van Der Zwan, P., Verheul, I., Thurik, A.R., & Grilo, I. (2013). Entrepreneurial progress: Climbing the entrepreneurial ladder in Europe and the United States. Regional Studies, 47(5), 803–825. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2011.598504

von Graevenitz, G., Harhoff, D., & Weber, R. (2010). The effects of entrepreneurship education. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 76(1), 90–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2010.02.015

Wang, Q., Sun, Z.W., & Wu, C.S. (2021). The impact of university innovation and entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention from the perspective of educational psychology. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.745976

Weers, K.J., & Gielnik, M.M. (2021). Entrepreneurship training and transfer. In M.M. Gielnik, M.S. Cardon, & M. Frese (Eds.), The psychology of entrepreneurship: New perspectives (pp. 283–304). Routledge.

Welsch, H.P., & Murphy, P.J. (2005). Developing and validating a construct of entrepreneurial intensity. New England Journal of Entrepreneurship, 8(2), 30–38. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.sacredheart.edu/neje/vol8/iss2/5

World Bank. (2023). Poverty. Retrieved from https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/overview

Wright, E., Feng, S.Y., & Zheng, Y.J. (2022). Unemployed graduate to the next Jack Ma? A counter-narrative to the entrepreneurship movement in higher education. Higher Education, 83(4), 863–880. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-021-00709-4

Xu, Z., Zhou, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., & Ouyang, Z. (2022). Family–work enrichment and entrepreneurial intentions: A family affective support perspective. Management Decision, 61(1), 57–76. https://doi.org/ 10.1108/MD-08-2021-1058

Yamakawa, Y., & Cardon, M.S. (2015). Causal ascription and perceived learning from entrepreneurial failure. Small Business Economics, 44(4), 797–820. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-014-9623-z

Yunus, M. (2009, May 27). Ten indicators to assess poverty level. Yunus Centre. Retrieved from https://www.muhammadyunus.org/post/240/ten-indicators-to-assess-poverty-level

Zetlin, M. (2017). 63 percent of millennials have more than $10,000 in student debt. They’ll be paying for decades. Retrieved from https://www.inc.com/minda-zetlin/63-percent-of-millennials-have-more-than-10000-in-student-debt-theyll-be-paying.html

Zhang, S.N., Li, Y.Q., Liu, C.H., & Ruan, W.Q. (2020). Critical factors identification and prediction of tourism and hospitality students’ entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 26, 100234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2019.100234

Downloads

Published

2024-11-30

How to Cite

Andrade, M. S., Miller, R. M., & Seeley, E. (2024). Overcoming Poverty: The Impact of Entrepreneurship Training. Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 26(6). https://doi.org/10.33423/jabe.v26i6.7383

Issue

Section

Articles