A Conceptual Framework to Guide Leader and Follower Education, Development, and Assessment

Abstract

Leader and follower education and development is essential, yet a challenging task. It is helpful to have a conceptual framework with specific elements to determine where to sustain and improve efforts. A leaderfollower conceptual framework was recently developed to include four “C” elements (Character, Competence, Context, Communication) across four psychosocial levels of interactions (Personal, Interpersonal, Team, Organizational). This framework guides the who, what, when, where, and how of effective and adaptive leadership and followership. The leader-follower conceptual framework can be used in any professional field as a guide to develop sessions, curriculum, programs, and assessments for individuals, teams, and organizations.